7.Wooden structures
Take Japan as an example. Most of its houses are wooden structures with good earthquake resistance. Wooden structure is a flexible structure. When the house is shaken by earthquake, the wooden structure can release force better. Therefore, wooden houses are less likely to fall apart and loosen.
In recent years, Japan has adopted new technologies to collect wood waste used for construction, add polyethylene, polypropylene and polyvinyl chloride, etc. to make new wooden materials, and then produce new building materials through plastic processing technologies such as extrusion, pressing and injection molding to replace traditional solid wood. Buildings made of this material are both safe and earthquake-resistant, and save energy.
8.Rubber
Rubber is also a good earthquake-resistant material. If the central part of the building is covered with laminated rubber, the force on the building can be reduced to 1/2 when a magnitude 6 earthquake occurs. Rubber can protect wood from moisture and also act as a buffer in earthquakes.
9.Steel-wood composite beam (lightweight H-steel + integrated wood)
The steel-wood composite beams, cross connections, and connections with independent columns use galvanized steel pins, which are very earthquake-resistant.
The bottom layer is a reinforced concrete foundation, and above it are wooden square columns, and above that are steel-wood composite beams. Steel and wood are both flexible materials, and when combined together, steel resists tension and wood resists compression, which is very effective.
10.Carbon fiber composite materials
Carbon fiber is mainly compounded with resin, metal, ceramic and other matrices to make structural materials. Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite materials have the highest comprehensive indicators such as specific strength and specific modulus among existing structural materials. Carbon fiber composite materials are quite advantageous in areas with strict requirements such as density, stiffness, and weight.
In terms of earthquake resistance, the floor slab is reinforced by pasting carbon fiber. Carbon fiber composite materials are used to reinforce concrete structures, mainly by utilizing the high tensile strength, high elastic modulus, and high strain properties of fibers and the use of modified epoxy resin adhesive materials to produce good adhesion between carbon fiber and concrete structures, and to strengthen the original structure's longitudinal tensile steel bars and shear and torsional stirrups, thereby improving the structural bending, shear, and torsional bearing capacity.
11.Carbon fiber material
Architect Kengo Kuma used hybrid carbon fiber materials to renovate an office building. As shown above, this is the world's first commercial office building with earthquake-resistant function reinforced with carbon fiber.
12.Green high toughness cement-based composite materials
Liang Jianning, head of the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, and several mainland university professors jointly researched a green high-toughness cement-based composite material, which won the first prize in natural sciences of the National Ministry of Education's Outstanding Scientific Research Achievement Award for Higher Education Institutions. This material is suitable for earthquake-resistant buildings and exterior wall repairs.
Although the development of earthquake-resistant materials has made great progress, we should also realize that this is far from enough. I believe that with the development of science and technology and the unremitting efforts of scientific researchers, the family of earthquake-resistant materials will become larger and larger, and our houses will become stronger and stronger, able to withstand various disasters.
